ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Random Key Pre-Distribution Techniques against Sybil Attacks
Sybil attacks pose a serious threat for Wireless Sensor Networks (WSN) security. They can create problems in routing, voting schemes, decision making, distributed storage and sensor re-programming. In a Sybil attack, the attacker masquerades as multiple sensor identities that are actually controlled by one or a few existing attacker nodes. Sybil identities are fabricated out of stolen keys, obtained by captured benign nodes. Existing Sybil defensive mechanisms suffer from the restricted sensor network size, or cause excessive resource consumption for the sensor network. In this work we propose a Sybil node detection mechanism, based on Random Key Distribution (RKD) schemes that can cope with large network sizes and minimize the waste of resources. We explain the techniques each node can use in a network running q-composite RKD to detect Sybil identities and restrict their number. Our method requires no trust to other sensors, which is important to defend against the attack.
https://jce.shahed.ac.ir/article_387_8e439e81efc753ada17f26af594f7df2.pdf
2016-01-01
1
13
10.22070/jce.2016.387
Random Key Predistribution
Sybil Attack
Wireless Sensor Networks
Mohammad
Ehdaie
mohammad@ehdaie.ir
1
Parsa Sharif Research Center
LEAD_AUTHOR
Nikolaos
Alexiou
alexiou@kth.se
2
KTH
AUTHOR
Panos
Papadimitratos
papadim@kth.se
3
KTH
AUTHOR
[1] J. R. Douceur, “The Sybil attack,” in Revised Papers from the First International Workshop on Peer-to-Peer Systems, London, UK, 2002, pp. 251–260.
1
[2] Q. Wang, Y. Zhu, and L. Cheng, “Reprogramming wireless sensor networks: challenges and approaches,” IEEE Network, vol. 20, no. 3, pp. 48–55, 2006.
2
[3] H. Chan, A. Perrig, and D. Song, “Random key predistribution schemes for sensor networks,” in Proceedings of the 2003 IEEE Symposium on Security and Privacy, Washington, DC, USA, 2003, pp. 197–213.
3
[4] L. Eschenauer and V. D. Gligor, “A key-management scheme for distributed sensor networks,” in Proceedings of the 9th ACM conference on Computer and communications security, 2002, pp. 41–47.
4
[5] W. Du, J. Deng, Y. S. Han, and P. K. Varshney, “A pairwise key predistribution scheme for wireless sensor networks,” in Proceedings of the 10th ACM conference on Computer and communications security, 2003, pp. 42–51.
5
[6] D. Liu and P. Ning, “Establishing pairwise keys in distributed sensor networks,” in Proceedings of the 10th ACM conference on Computer and communications security, 2003, pp. 52–61.
6
[7] J. Newsome, E. Shi, D. Song, and A. Perrig, “The Sybil attack in sensor networks: analysis & defenses,” in Proceedings of the 3rd international symposium on Information processing in sensor networks, 2004, pp. 259– 268.
7
[8] P. Papadimitratos and J. Deng, “Stealthy pre-attacks against random key pre-distribution security,” in Proceedings of the IEEE International Conference on Communications - Communication and Information Systems Security Symposium (ICC’12 CISS), Ottawa, Canada, 2012, pp. 251–260.
8
[9] M. Poturalski, P. Papadimitratos, and J.P. Hubaux, “Secure Neighbor Discovery in Wireless Networks: Formal Investigation of Possibility,” in ACM Symposium on Information, Computer and Communications Security (ASIACCS), Tokyo, Japan, March 2008, pp. 189–200.
9
[10] M. Poturalski, P. Papadimitratos and J.P. Hubaux, “Towards provable secure neighbor discovery in wireless networks,” in ACM Workshop on Formal Methods in Security Engineering, Alexandria, VA, USA, October 2008, pp. 31–42.
10
[11] Y. Zhang, W. Liu, Y. Fang, and D. Wu, “Secure localization and authentication in ultra-wideband sensor networks,” Selected Areas in Communications, IEEE Journal on, vol. 24, no. 4, pp. 829 – 835, April 2006.
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[12] D. Liu, P. Ning, and W. Du, “Detecting malicious beacon nodes for secure location discovery in wireless sensor networks,” in Distributed Computing Systems, 2005. ICDCS 2005 Proceedings. 25th IEEE International Conference on, June 2005, pp. 609–619.
12
[13] R. John, J.P. Cherian, and J.J. Kizhakkethottam, "A survey of techniques to prevent Sybil attacks", in Soft-Computing and Networks Security (ICSNS), 2015 International Conference on, IEEE, 2015, pp. 1-6.
13
[14] R. Gunturu, “Survey of Sybil Attacks in Social Networks,” arXiv preprint arXiv:1504.05522, 2015.
14
[15] M.M.M. Fouad, and A.E. Hassanien, “Key Pre-distribution Techniques for WSN Security Services,” in Bio-inspiring Cyber Security and Cloud Services: Trends and Innovations, pp. 265-283. Springer Berlin Heidelber, 2014.
15
[16] T.W. Moore, “Cooperative attack and defense in distributed networks,” Doctoral dissertation, University of Cambridge, 2008.
16
[17] N. Balachandran, and S. Sanyal, “A Review of Techniques to Mitigate Sybil Attacks,” International Journal of Advanced Networking and Applications, vol. 4, no. 1, pp. 1514-1518, 2012.
17
[18] C. Cheng, Y. Qian, and D. Zhang, “An Approach Based on Chain Key Predistribution against Sybil Attack in Wireless Sensor Networks,” International Journal of Distributed Sensor Networks, vol. 2013, Article ID 839320, 8 pages, doi:10.1155/2013/839320, 2013.
18
[19] J. Newsome, E. Shi, D. Song, and A. Perrig, “The Sybil attack in sensor networks: analysis & defenses,” Proceedings of the 3rd international symposium on Information processing in sensor networks, pp. 259-268, 2004.
19
[20] B. N. Levine, C. Shields, and N. B. Margolin, A survey of solutions to the Sybil attack, University of Massachusetts Amherst, Amherst, MA, 2006.
20
[21] L. Washbourne. A Survey of P2P Network Security, arXiv:1504.01358, 2015.
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[22] W. Chang and J. Wu, “A Survey of Sybil Attacks in Networks,” in publications of computer and Information Sciences, Temple University, Philadelphia, 2013.
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[23] Zhao, H., Li, Y., Shen, J., Zhang, M., Zheng, R., Wu Q., “A New Secure Geographical Routing Protocol Based on Location Pairwise Keys in Wireless Sensor Networks,” 2013.
23
[24] G.V. Rakesh, S. Rangaswamy, V. Hegde, G. Shoba, “A Survey of techniques to defend against Sybil attacks in Social Networks,” in IJARSCCE, 2014.
24
[25] B. Awerbuch and C. Scheideler. Group Spreading, “A Protocol for Provably Secure Distributed Name Service,” in Proc. Automata, Languages and Programming (ICALP), pp. 183–195, 2004.
25
[26] P. Maniatis, D. S. H. Rosenthal, M. Roussopoulos, M. Baker, T. Giuli, and Y. Muliadi, “Preserving peer replicas by ratelimited sampled voting,” in Proceedings of ACM SOSP, pp. 44–59, 2003.
26
[27] P. Maniatis, M. Roussopoulos, T. J. Giuli, D. S. H. Rosenthal, and M. Baker, “The locks peer-to-peer digital preservation system,” ACM Transactions on Computer Systems, vol. 23, no. 1, pp. 2–50, 2005.
27
[28] A. Tangpong, G. Kesidis, Hung-yuan Hsu, A. Hurson, “Robust Sybil Detection for MANETs,” In Proceedings of 18th International Conference on Computer Communications and Networks, ICCCN 2009, pp. 1-6, 2009.
28
[29] M. Demirbas, Y. Song, “An RSSI-based Scheme for Sybil Attack Detection in Wireless Sensor Networks,” in Proceedings of WoWMoM 2006 International Symposium on a World of Wireless, Mobile and Multimedia Networks, 2006.
29
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Sink Location Service Based on Fano Plane in Wireless Sensor Networks
Sink location is considered as a basic service in geographic routing in wireless sensor networks. Obtaining the location of sink node by source node using an efficient method with low complexity has always been a challenging issue in research. In this paper, a sink location algorithm based on Fano plane is proposed. The research challenge is how to ensure the intersection of two SLQ (Location Query) and SLA (Sink Location Announcement) routes in at least one point. In the proposed solution, a compound Fano plane has been created in which both SLQ and SLA paths have a point of intersection. Source and destination nodes send data packets to nearby routes and the sensor node at the intersection announces the location of the destination node to the source. Simulation is used to evaluate the proposed algorithm. The results revealed reduction in communication overhead.
https://jce.shahed.ac.ir/article_388_fb82e30622420750c773739d6e7a7439.pdf
2016-01-01
14
23
10.22070/jce.2016.388
Combinatorial Scheme
Fano plane
Sink location
Wireless Sensor Network
Parisa
Daneshjoo
pdaneshjoo@gmail.com
1
Computer Engineering Department, Science and Research branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
LEAD_AUTHOR
Hamid
Haj Seyed javadi
h.s.javadi@shahed.ac.ir
2
Department of Mathematics and Computer Science, Shahed University, Tehran, Iran
AUTHOR
Hamid Reza
Sharifi
hmdrzsharifi@gmail.com
3
Computer Engineering Department, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
AUTHOR
I. Stojmenovic, Handbook of Sensor Networks: Algorithms and Architectures, Wiley, 2005.
1
W. Dargie, W., Poellabauer, C., Fundamentals of Wireless Sensor Networks, Wiley, 2010.
2
I.F. Akyildiz,, W. Su, Y. Sankarasubramaniam, and E. Cayirci, “Wireless sensor networks: a survey,” Computer Networks, vol. 38, pp. 393-422, 2002.
3
B. Karp, H.T. Kung, “GPSR: Greedy Perimeter Stateless Routing for Wireless Networks,” in Proceedings of the 6th annual international conference on Mobile computing and networking, Boston, Massachusetts, USA, ACM: 243-254, 2000.
4
S.M. Das, H. Pucha and Y.C. Hu, “Performance Comparison of Scalable Location Services for Geographic Ad Hoc Routing,” in IEEE INFOCOM, 2005.
5
C. Intanagonwiwat, R. Govindan and D. Estrin, “Directed Diffusion: A Scalable and Robust Communication Paradigm for Sensor Networks,” in Proceedings of the Sixth Annual International Conference on Mobile Computing and Networking, Boston, 2000.
6
F. Ye, H. Luo, J. Cheng, S. Lu and L. Zhang, “A Two-Tier Data Dissemination Model for Large-scale Wireless Sensor Networks,” in Proceedings of the 8th annual international conference on Mobile computing and networking, 2002.
7
Y. Yan, B. Zhang, H.T. Mouftah and J. Ma, “Hierarchical Location Service for Large Scale Wireless Sensor Networks with Mobile Sinks,” in IEEE GLOBECOM, 2007.
8
Y. Fucai, H. Guangmin, P. Soochang, L. Euisin and K. Sang-Ha, “Quorum based sink location service for irregular wireless sensor networks,” Computer Communications, vol. 35, pp. 1422–1432, 2012.
9
F. Yu, Y. Choi, S. Park, E. Lee, M.S. Jin and S.H. Kim, “Sink Location Service for Geographic Routing in Wireless Sensor Networks,” IEEE Wireless Communications and Networking Conference, 2008.
10
F. Yu, S. Park, E. Lee, Y. Choi and S. Kim, “QSLS: Efficient Quorum Based Sink Location Service for Geographic Routing in Irregular Wireless Sensor Networks,” IEICE Transactions on Communications, vol. E92-B, pp. 3935–3938, 2009.
11
B. Hofmann-Wellenhof, H. Lichtenegger and J. Collins, Global Positioning System Theory and Practice, 5th ed., Springer, 2001.
12
Q. Chen, S. Kanhere and M. Hassan, “Adaptive position update for geographic routing in mobile ad hoc networks,” IEEE Transactions on Mobile Computing, vol. 12, no. 3, pp. 489–501, 2013.
13
E. Lee, S. Park, F. Yu and S.-H. Kim, “Data gathering mechanism with local sink in geographic routing for wireless sensor networks,” IEEE Transactions on Consumer Electronics, vol. 56, no. 3, pp. 1433–1441, 2010.
14
K. Zeng, J. Yang and W. Lou, “On energy efficiency of geographic opportunistic routing in lossy multihop wireless networks,” Springer Wireless Networks, vol. 18, no. 8, pp. 967–983, 2012.
15
The Network Simulator—ns-2, http://www.isi.edu/nsnam/ns/, 2008. [Online]
16
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Optimal Control of Light Propagation Governed by Eikonal Equation within Inhomogeneous Media Using Computational Adjoint Approach
A mathematical model is presented in the present study to control the light propagation in an inhomogeneous media. The method is based on the identification of the optimal materials distribution in the media such that the trajectories of light rays follow the desired path. The problem is formulated as a distributed parameter identification problem and it is solved by a numerical method. The necessary optimality conditions based on Karush-Kuhm-Tucker (KKT) conditions is derived by means of the adjoint approach and a solution algorithm is introduced to find local minimizers of the original problem. The original PDE and its corresponding adjoint are discretized by the finite difference method and they are solved efficiently by the fast sweeping approach. The main benefits of the presented algorithm is the computational efficiency, flexibility and ability to produce isotropic materials distribution with bounded physical properties. The presented algorithm can be used for the optimal design of waveguides and invisibility cloaks in the wavelength spectrum of visible light. The feasibility of the presented method is studied by a numerical example.
https://jce.shahed.ac.ir/article_428_ecc953e1bffe250d84eaa24d4078742c.pdf
2016-01-01
24
37
10.22070/jce.2017.1493.
Adjoint method
Eikonal equation
Geometric optics
metamaterial
Transformation optics
Seyyedeh Faezeh
Seyyedrezaei
f.seyyedrezaei@gmail.com
1
Electrical and Electronic Engineering Department , Shahed University , Tehran , Iran
LEAD_AUTHOR
Gholamreza
Dadashzadeh
gdadashzadeh@shahed.ac.ir
2
Electrical and Electronic Engineering Department , Shahed University , Tehran , Iran
AUTHOR
[1] J. B. Pendry, D. Schurig, and D. R. Smith, “Controlling electromagnetic fields,” Science, vol. 312, no. 5781, pp. 1780-1782, 2006.
1
[2] D. H. Werner and D. Kwon, Transformation electromagnetics and metamaterials, Springer, 2013.
2
[3] M. R. Soheilifar and R. A. Sadeghzadeh, “Design, Fabrication and Measurement of Two-Layered Quadruple-Band Microwave Metamaterial Absorber,” Journal of Communication Engineering, vol. 3, no. 1, pp. 13-22, Jan.-June 2014.
3
[4] M. Hajebi, E. Zarezadeh, and F. Babaeian, “A Compact Ultra-Wideband Filter Based on Left Handed Transmission Line by Using Complementary Split Ring Resonators and Series Capacitor,” Journal of Communication Engineering, vol. 4, no. 2, pp. 111-121, July-Dec. 2015.
4
[5] Y. A. Urzhumov and D. R. Smith, “Transformation optics with photonic band gap Media,” Physical Review Letters, vol. 105, no. 16, Oct. 2010.
5
[6] O. Hess, J. B. Pendry, S. A. Maier, R. F. Oulton, J. M. Hamm, and K. L. Tsakmakidis, “Active nanoplasmonic metamaterials,” Nature materials, vol. 11, no. 7, pp. 573–584, 2012.
6
[7] N. Kundtz and D. R. Smith, “Extreme-angle broadband metamaterial lens,” Nature materials, vol. 9, no. 2, pp. 129–132, 2010.
7
[8] J. Andkjær, N. A. Mortensen, and O. Sigmund, “Towards all-dielectric, polarization-independent optical cloaks,” Applied Physics Letters, vol. 100, no. 10, 2012.
8
[9] W. Cai, U. K. Chettiar, A. V. Kildishev, and V. M. Shalaev, “Optical cloaking with metamaterials,” Nature photonics, vol. 1, no. 4, pp. 224–227, 2007.
9
[10] A. Greenleaf, Y. Kurylev, M. Lassas, and G. Uhlmann, “Full-wave invisibility of active devices at all frequencies,” Communications in Mathematical Physics, vol. 275, no. 3, pp. 749–789, 2007.
10
[11] T. Ergin, N. Stenger, P. Brenner, J. B. Pendry, and M. Wegener, “Three-dimensional invisibility cloak at optical wavelengths,” Science, vol. 328, no. 5976, pp. 337–339, 2010.
11
[12] B. Zhang, Y. Luo, X. Liu, and G. Barbastathis, “Macroscopic invisibility cloak for visible light,” Physical Review Letters, vol. 106, no. 3, 2011.
12
[13] X. Chen, Y. Luo, J. Zhang, K. Jiang, J. B. Pendry, and S. Zhang, “Macroscopic invisibility cloaking of visible light,” Nature Communications, vol. 2, no. 176, Feb. 2011.
13
[14] U. Leonhardt, “Optical conformal mapping,” Science, vol. 312, no. 5781, pp. 1777–1780, 2006.
14
[15] P. Alitalo and S. Tretyakov, “Electromagnetic cloaking with metamaterials,” Materials today, vol. 12, no. 3, pp. 22–29, 2009.
15
[16] N. I. Landy and W. J. Padilla, “Guiding light with conformal transformations,” Optics express, vol. 17, no. 17, pp.14872–14879, 2009.
16
[17] L. Peng, L. Ran, and N. A. Mortensen, “The scattering of a cylindrical invisibility cloak: reduced parameters and optimization,” Journal of Physics D: Applied Physics, vol. 44, no. 13, 2011.
17
[18] D. Schurig, J. B. Pendry, and D. R. Smith, “Calculation of material properties and ray tracing in transformation media,” Optics Express, vol. 14, no. 21, pp. 9794–9804, 2006.
18
[19] J. Lu and J. Vuckovic, “Inverse design of nanophotonic structures using complementary convex optimization,” Optics express, vol. 18, no. 4, pp. 3793–3804, 2010.
19
[20] J. Hu, X. Zhou, and G. Hu, “Design method for electromagnetic cloak with arbitrary shapes based on laplaces equation,” Optics Express, vol. 17, no. 3, pp. 1308–1320, 2009.
20
[21] Z. Chang, X. Zhou, J. Hu, and G. Hu, “Design method for quasi-isotropic transformation materials based on inverse laplaces equation with sliding boundaries,” Optics express, vol. 18, no. 6, pp. 6089–6096, 2010.
21
[22] J. Andkjær and O. Sigmund, “Topology optimized low-contrast all-dielectric optical cloak,” Applied Physics Letters, vol. 98, no. 2, 2011.
22
[23] G. Fujii, H. Watanabe, T. Yamada, T. Ueta, and M. Mizuno, “Level set based topology optimization for optical cloaks,” Applied Physics Letters, vol. 102, no. 25, 2013.
23
[24] L. Lan, F. Sun, Y. Liu, C. Ong, and Y. Ma, “Experimentally demonstrated a unidirectional electromagnetic cloak designed by topology optimization,” Applied Physics Letters, vol. 103, no. 12, 2013.
24
[25] M. Otomori, T. Yamada, J. Andkjaer, K. Izui, S. Nishiwaki, and N. Kogiso, “Level set-based topology optimization for the design of an electromagnetic cloak with ferrite material,” IEEE Transactions on Magnetics, vol. 49, no. 5, pp. 2081–2084, 2013.
25
[26] Z. L. Mei, J. Bai, T. M. Niu, and T. J. Cui, “Design of arbitrarily directional cloaks by solving the Laplace’s equation,” Journal of Applied Physics, vol. 107, no. 12, 2010.
26
[27] R. Tavakoli and H. Zhang, “A nonmonotone spectral projected gradient method for large-scale topology optimization problems,” Numer Algebra, Control Optim, vol. 2, no. 2, pp. 395–412, 2012.
27
[28] R. Tavakoli, “Multimaterial topology optimization by volume constrained allen-cahn system and regularized projected steepest descent method,” Comput Meth Appl Mech Eng, vol. 276, pp. 534–565, 2014.
28
[29] G. Allaire, Numerical analysis and optimization: an introduction to mathematical modelling and numerical simulation, Translated by: Craig, A., Oxford University Press, USA, 2007.
29
[30] J. A. Sethian, “Fast Marching Methods,” SIAM Review, vol. 41, no. 2, pp. 199–235, 1999.
30
[31] H. Zhao, “A fast sweeping method for Eikonal equations,” Mathematics of Computation, vol. 74, no. 250, pp. 603–627, 2004.
31
[32] S. Leung and J. Qian, “An adjoint state method for three-dimensional transmission traveltime tomography using first-arrivals,” Comm. Math Sci, vol. 4, no. 1, pp. 249–266, 2006.
32
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
An Improved CPW-Fed Printed UWB Antenna With Controllable Band-notched Functions
A newly designed printed slot antenna is presented that incorporates variable two band-notched functions for ultra-wideband (UWB) applications. The two band notches of this coplanar waveguide (CPW) fed antenna are achieved by an M-shaped slot (MSS) embedded in the radiating element and a C-shaped strip (CSS) close to ground plane, therefore two very narrow rejected properties in the wireless local area network (WLAN) band (5.15-5.825 GHz) and worldwide interoperability for microwave access (WiMAX) operation in the (3.3-3.7GHz) are obtained. The rectangular aperture is etched in the square ground plane. It has a determinative role in antenna’s impedance bandwidth (IBW) enhancement; moreover, by adjusting carefully it leads to wide IBW. Based on simulated results it covers the frequency range 2.4–12.9 GHz with VSWR ≤ 2, which corresponds to a fractional bandwidth of 137% excluding the rejected bands. Numerical and measured results are presented to understand its behavior. The volume of the proposed antenna is 25 × 25 × 0.8 mm3.
https://jce.shahed.ac.ir/article_386_f817780481cc720b997068c29450fa45.pdf
2016-01-01
38
49
10.22070/jce.2016.386
Slot antenna
ultra-wideband antenna
WLAN
WiMAX
band-notched function
Yashar
Zehforoosh
yashar.zehforoosh@gmail.com
1
IAU Urmia branch
LEAD_AUTHOR
Tohid
Sedghi
sedghi.tohid@gmail.com
2
Department of Electrical Engineering, Urmia Branch, Islamic Azad University, Urmia, Iran.
AUTHOR
[1] Y. J. Cho, K. H. Kim, D. H. Choi, S. S. Lee, and S. Park, “A miniature UWB planar Monopole antenna with 5-GHz band-rejection filter and the time-domain characteristics,” IEEE Transactions on Antennas and Propagation, vol. 54, no. 5, pp. 1453–1460, May 2006.
1
[2] FCC, Federal Communications Commission revision of part 15 of the Commission’s rules regarding ultra-wideband transmission system 3.1 to 10.6 GHz, Federal Communications Commission, Washington, DC, 2002, pp. 98–153.
2
[3] V. Waladi, N. Mohammadi, Y. Zehforoosh, A. Habashi, and J. Nourinia, “A Novel Modified Star-Triangular Fractal (MSTF) Monopole Antenna For Super-Wideband Applications,” IEEE Antennas and Wireless Propagation Letters, vol. 12, pp. 651–654, 2013.
3
[4] Y. Zehforoosh, M. Naser-Moghadasi, R. A. Sadeghzadeh, and C. Ghobadi, “Miniature Monopole Fractal Antenna with Inscribed Arrowhead Cuts For UWB Applications,” IEICE Electronics Express, vol. 9, no. 24, pp. 1855–1860, 2012.
4
[5] M. Sefidi, Y. Zehforoosh, and S. Moradi, “A Small CPW-Fed UWB Antenna with Dual Band-Notched Characteristics Using Two Stepped Impedance Resonators,” Microwave and Optical Technology Letters, vol. 58, no. 2, pp. 464–467, Dec. 2015.
5
[6] G. Kumar and K.P. Ray, Broadband Microstrip Antennas, MA Artech House, Norwood, 2003.
6
[7] 7. R. Gary, P, Bharta. I, Bahl. and A. Ittipiboon, Microstrip Antenna Design Handbook, MA Artech House, Norwood, MA, 2001.
7
[8] K.C. Gupta, R. Garg, I. Bahl, and P. Bahartia, Microstrip lines and slotlines, MA Artech House, Norwood, MA, 1996.
8
[9] M. Sefidi, Y. Zehforoosh, and S. Moradi, “A Novel CPW-Fed Antenna with Dual Band-Notched Characteristics for UWB Applications,” Microwave and Optical Technology Letters, vol. 57, no. 10, pp. 2391–2394, Jul. 2015.
9
[10] Z. Badamchi and Y. Zehforoosh, “Switchable Single/Dual Band Filtering UWB Antenna Using Parasitic Element and T-Shaped Stub Wave Cancellers,” Microwave and Optical Technology Letters, vol. 57, no. 12, pp. 2946–2950, Sept. 2015.
10
[11] A. Siahcheshm, J. Nourinia, Y. Zehforoosh, and B. Mohammadi, “A Compact Modified Triangular CPW-Fed Antenna with Multioctave Bandwidth,” Microwave and Optical Technology Letters, vol. 57, no. 1, pp. 69–72, Nov. 2014.
11
[12] Y. Zehforoosh and A. Siahcheshm, “ Ultra Wideband Monopole Antenna Excited by a Capacitive Coupling Feed with Double Band Notch Function,” Journal of Communication Engineering, vol. 1, no.1, pp. 61-69, 2012.
12
[13] P. Beigi, J. Nourinia, Y. Zehforoosh, and B. Mohammadi, “A Compact Novel CPW-Fed Antenna with Square Spiral-Patch for Multiband Applications,” Microwave and Optical Technology Letters, vol. 57, no. 1, pp. 111–115, Nov. 2014.
13
[14] Y. Zehforoosh and T. Sedghi, “A CPW-Fed Printed Antenna with Band-Notched Function Using an M-Shaped Slot,” Microwave and Optical Technology Letters, vol. 56, no. 5, pp. 1088–1092, Mar. 2014.
14
[15] M. Sefidi, Y. Zehforoosh, and S. Moradi, “A Novel Monopole Antenna for Wireless Communication Systems and UWB Application,” Microwave and Optical Technology Letters, vol. 55, no. 8, pp. 1856–1860, May 2013.
15
[16] M. Naser-Moghadasi, G. R. Dadashzadeh, M. Abdollahvand, Y. Zehforoosh, and B. S. Virdee, “Planar triangular monopole antenna with multioctave bandwidth,” Microwave and Optical Technology Letters, vol. 53, no. 1, pp. 10–14, Nov. 2010.
16
[17] C.-M. Li and L.-H. Ye, “Improved Dual Band-Notched UWB Slot Antenna with Controllable Notched Bandwidths,” Progress In Electromagnetics Research, vol. 115, pp. 477–493, 2011.
17
[18] Ansoft High Frequency Structure Simulation (HFSS). Ver 10, Ansoft Corporation, Pittsburgh, PA, 2005.
18
19
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Application of Intelligent Water Drops in Transient Analysis of Single Conductor Overhead Lines Terminated to Grid-Grounded Arrester under Direct Lightning Strikes
In this paper, Intelligent water drop algorithm (IWD) is used to analyze single overhead line connected to grid-grounded arrester. In this approach, at first Norton’s equivalent circuit of the overhead line over lossy soil is computed by method of moments (MoM) and then for the problem under consideration, a nonlinear equivalent circuit in the frequency domain is proposed. Finally applying intelligent water drop algorithm (IWD), nonlinear analysis is efficiently analyzed and transient voltage across the arrester is easily computed. Comparison of the achieved voltage with transient solvers shows good agreement as well as fast run-time.
the achieved voltage with transient solvers shows good agreement as well as fast run-time.
https://jce.shahed.ac.ir/article_410_3e7d21a35d92215f26e49da0e6f981c8.pdf
2016-01-01
50
59
10.22070/jce.2016.410
IWD
arrester
lossy soil
Hamid
Samieean
h-samiian@yahoo.com
1
Arak University, Faculty of engineering
AUTHOR
Saeed Reza
Ostadzadeh
s-ostadzadeh@araku.ac.ir
2
Arak University, Faculty of engineering
LEAD_AUTHOR
Amin
Mirzaie
a-mirzaee@araku.ac.i
3
Arak University, Faculty of engineering
AUTHOR
[1] “Alternative transient program (ATP) rule book,” Can/EMTP, user group, Leuven EMTP center, Belgium, 1987.
1
[2] J. Mahseredjian, S. Dennetiere, L. Dube, B. Khodabakhchian, and L. Gerin-Lajoie, “On a new approach for the simulation of transients in power systems,” Elect. Power Syst. Res., vol. 77, no. 11, pp. 1514–1514, September 2007.
2
[3] R.F. Harrington, Field Computation by Moment Methods, Macmillan, New York, 1968.
3
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ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Novel Design of Optical Channel Drop Filter Based on Photonic Crystal Ring Resonators
In this paper, a new design of optical channel drop filter based on two- dimensional photonic crystal ring resonators with triangular lattice is proposed. The rods of this structure is silicon with the refractive index 3.46 and the surrounding environment is air with the refractive index of 1.The widest photonic band gap obtained is for filling ratio of r/a = 0.2. The filter’s transmission spectrum is calculated using the two-dimensional (2D) finite-difference time-domain (2D-FDTD) numerical method. The simulation shows 100% dropping efficiency and suitable quality factor at 1519.4 nm wavelength achieved for this filter. Also, in this paper, we investigate parameters which have an effect on resonant wavelength and transmission spectrum in this CDF, such as refractive index of inner rods and whole of dielectric rods of the structure. The overall size of the structure is small that is 14 μm × 14μm which is suitable for photonic integrated circuits (PIC) and optical communication network applications.
https://jce.shahed.ac.ir/article_429_8de77abcf9d674eee763d2cf572c205d.pdf
2016-01-01
60
70
10.22070/jce.2017.1498.
Photonic crystal
Ring resonator
Triangular lattice
Optical communication
zohreh
rashki
zohrehrashki@mshdiau.ac.ir
1
Department of Electrical Engineering, Mashhad Branch, Islamic Azad University, Mashhad, Iran
AUTHOR
Seyyed Javad
seyyed Mahdavi Chabok
mahdavi@mshdiau.ac.ir
2
Department of Electrical Engineering, Mashhad Branch, Islamic Azad University, Mashhad, Iran
AUTHOR
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